working papers

Trade Openness and Consumption Channels in Small Open Economies

We study how trade openness and the trade balance shape the sensitivity of aggregate consumption in small open economies with heterogeneous households. In a two-agent small-open-economy New Keynesian model with asymmetric import and export openness, …

Monetary–Fiscal Interactions and the Liquidity Channel of Debt Sustainability

This paper examines how the steady-state debt-to-GDP ratio shapes the transmission of fiscal and monetary policy shocks in a tractable heterogeneous-agent New Keynesian model. When households value government debt for its liquidity services for …

The Unequal Costs of Pollution: Carbon Tax, Inequality, and Redistribution

This paper studies how household heterogeneity affects the level and cyclical behavior of the optimal carbon tax in a real economy. We demonstrate that an equity-efficiency trade-off arises due to income inequality and heterogeneity in the marginal …

The Perils of a Dual Mandate

We study the implications of a ‘dual mandate’ of price and output stability in a heterogeneous agent New Keynesian economy where fiscal policy is set in nominal terms. Specifically, the government controls the quantity of nominal debt, enabling price …